Europe’s economy is navigating rough waters, threatened by three pressure factors: galloping inflation, soaring national debt, and banking sector stagnation. These economic challenges act as strong obstacles to its growth.

The European Central Bank sees these factors as the primary risks to gross domestic product. The bloc’s economy is caught between internal and external negative forces. Renewed spikes in consumer inflation could provoke excessive volatility in financial markets, ECB analysts warn. In the medium term, this scenario is quite plausible.  The European economy could face such a threat if GDP growth remains subdued and geopolitical tensions in the Middle East and Eastern Europe escalate.

The mounting financial pressure on households, businesses, and governments is another area of concern among experts. With a substantial increase in EU countries' public debt and rising debt servicing costs, the likelihood of loan defaults increases.

Potential stagnation in the banking sector is the third risk for the Eurozone economies. ECB officials believe that despite recent years of gains, European regional bank stocks could suffer heavy losses. "Overall funding costs might therefore still increase further," the ECB said.

Previously, the ECB also flagged the risk of local central banks raising interest rates as an additional threat to the euro area economy. The regulator warns that loose fiscal policy combined with high debt levels could dampen investment flows into the regional economy. Insufficient capital inflows would drive up borrowing costs, thus triggering a negative chain reaction.